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When IPv4 first came out, the people that designed it sat back in their chairs and said, “We’ve done it, we’ve created every IP address that anyone will ever need”.

How many addresses did they create? 4,294,967,296! But at the time, they couldn’t have imagined the massive explosion of devices that would require an IP address. If you think about every device you own, like a pc, laptop, smartphone, tv etc. It quickly became apparent that we would soon run out of IPv4 addresses.

The solution is to eventually move over to the new IPv6 addresses!
IPv6 provides us with 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456 addresses!

Aside from the number of addresses, IPv6 also brings a lot of other improvements that make it a lot more efficient and practical.

An IPv6 address is 128-bits long. This is what gives us a huge address space. IPv6 has 8 sections which are commonly called hextets. Each hextet is separated by a colon. It's a hexadecimal IP address, meaning it can contain both numbers and letters.

There are different types of IPv6 addresses, for different purposes.

Global Unicast
- A publicly routable address like the IPv4 public IP.
- Prefix: 2000::/3

Unique Local
- This address is like the ipv4 private IP addresses.
- Prefix: FC00::/7

Link-Local
- Automatic private IP addresses that are not routable over any network.
- Prefix: FE80::/10

Multicast
- Addresses that are sent to a group of computers or devices.
- Prefix: FF00::/8

Anycast
- Global Unicast address assigned to more than one device.
- Prefix: 2000::/3

#ccna #cisco #networking